Madan Mohan Malaviya Ji a Sanatani par excellence

 

Bharat Ratna Pt. Madan Mohan Mahaviya, the founder of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, was a visionary who devoted his life for Sanatan Dharm, Gaeta, Ganga, Gayatri, Ga seva and technical education. An opponent of un-touchability,so prevalent during his time he promoted Nair shisha. Foundation stone of BHU was laid on Besant Panchami 2nd February in year 1916. Profile Pt. Madan Mohan Malaviya was born on December 25, 1861 in a modest family at Allahabad (Now Prayagraj) and went to eternal sleep on 12 November, 1946. His early upbringing was shaped by his father Pt. Brij Nath, who was a devoted Sanskrit scholar and infused his son in Indian classical traditions and in the core principles of Sanatan Dharma (the eternal tradition), Bhagwat and Ramayana while his mother was a devout lady. He received early education at home from his father and grandfather and launched his regular student carrier at the age of 9 years when he was given Yagnopavit. He excelled in Sanskrit paths Halas and later at Muir Central College in Allahabad displaying diligence and intelligence. After graduation in 1883 he wanted to become a S.Radhakrisnan Sanatana propagator but had to take a job to serve as a teacher. He was a multifaceted personality and he excelled in every field he worked. As an advocate, journalist, legislator, reformer, politician, educationist and soft speaking orator, prince of Beggars and a statesman. He was deeply religious person himself a Brahman at home, Sanatani in the family, a Hindu in Society and a humanitarian in world. Social service begun from school days.

Journalist

 At the age of 25 attended Calcutta Congress session and made his maiden speech on the Legislative Council Reforms, which was captivated by audience. After his speech he was offered a job by Raja Ram Pal Singh of Kala kanddar for editing Hindustan. Later he started his own paper Abhyudaya in 1907. In 1909 started the English daily Leader, besides making contributions to other English papers like Indian Opinion, Hindustan Review and Indian People thus setting trends in Indian Journalism.

Advocate

In 1893 he joined Allahabad High Court and rose to an eminent lawyer. He introduced Hind in law courts by preparing a historic memorandum Court Character and Primer Education in North-West Provinces and Oudh was nominated to UP Legislative Council in 1903 and sent to Imperial Legislative Council in 1910 .

Landmarks, contributions and successes

Founded All India Seva Samiti Boy Scour Association in 1918. Gave "Mantra Diksha" to untouchables in Calcutta in 1928 and again in Varanasi in 193 because un-touch ability was a stigma on Hindu society and propagated their upliftment. Started action against cow-slaughter with belief that non-offensive beasts should not be killed. Opening of Desi Tijarat Company in 1881 to checkmate the drain of countries wealth and bring back the prosperity to India. He believed that Indian Poverty can be eradicated only by industlisation for which technical education is essential, keeping Indian interests above all and utilizing local raw material. Promotion of Hindi by establishing Hindi Uddharini Pratinidi Madhya Sabha at Prayag in 1884. A social reformer by uplifting the depressed class by providing drinking water, education temple entry and social status. Kashi is the same place where devouts like Rai Das, Kabir Das lived, where Shankar Bhagwan himself came in the form of a chandala to teach Shankaracharya about oneness of all lives. Kumb Mela 1938 at Hardwar he debated with Shankaracharya about removal of untouchability. Being a Hrijan Babu Jagjivanram was given amission in BHU after his Matriculation. Paying tributes to Malviya Ji Babu writes "I was a student of the BHU and studied staying near Malviya Ji. He had great love for me. There only I studied Indian literature which left a deep impression on my life. From here I decided to fight for social equality and later for countries freedom" Malviya Ji asked Sri Nagappa a leading Sanskrit scholar to teach Sanskrit to Dr. Ambedkar. Role in nation Building-kashai being centre of Sarva-vidya for all creations, Satya shiksha, brahma -vidya, vagi-vidya and visva-vidya. Mahatma Ghandi found him as pure as Ganga Jal and considered him as the teacher of Nation. Advocacy of the Upanishadic adage Satyameva Jyate. Government of India2014 honored him posthumously with Bharat Ratana in recognition of his devotion to national welfare. Considered as father of Engineering Education in India. Submission of "Note of Dissent" to the report of Indian Industrial Commission (1916-18) in the capacity of its member. He graced the chair of the Congress President four times in his life time -1909, 1918, 1932, 1933 and served it with undiminished excel and passion. Malviya ji never desired Moksha, but rebirth to serve BHU again and again. As a lawyer he saved 153 lives which were accused for death in Chari Chaura Riots. His Political vision towards nation was against the division of the country for which he cautioned Gandhi ji against bargaining for freedom at the cost of division of country. Attended Round Table conference 1931 that reflects his strength of political understanding. BHU was the centre for nationalist fervour and intellectual discourse with Swadeshi sprit. His Speech on Indemnity bill in 1919 is said to have moved the European officials to tears. Establishing Banaras Hindu University Formation of Banaras Hindu University epitomized his ambition and aspirations, ideas and ideals, plans, policies and efforts and endeavours. Not only to confer degrees but to infuse national spirit, reorganize disintegrated Hindu society, and combine the traditional grukuls with those of modern universities and to revive the indigenous industries in order to rejuvenate the nation. He was its Vice Chancellor from 1919- 1938 and later it's Rector till last. Robust programmers in science, liberal arts, medicine, were among key domains uniting academic rigor with the spirit of moral grounding. Foundation stone of BHU as a private university first of its kind managed on donations was laid on 04.02.1916 a special place in British India history in which large gathering of Indian princes and rulers participated besides the then Viceroy Lord Herding, who laid the foundation stone and addressed the ceremony. Now the BHU Varanasi is a central university. Vision and Goals of BHU To create a blend of Eastern and Western Knowledge, integration of scientific advancement of Europe with ancient wisdom of Hindu traditions. He graced the chair of the Congress President four times in his life time -1909, 1918, 1932, 1933 and served it with undiminished excel and passion. Malviya ji never desired Moksha, but rebirth to serve BHU again and again. As a lawyer he saved 153 lives which were accused for death in Chauri Chaura Riots. His Political vision towards nation was against the division of the country for which he cautioned Gandhi ji against bargaining for freedom at the cost of division of country. Attended Round Table conference 1931 that reflects his strength of political understanding. BHU was the centre for nationalist fervor and intellectual discourse with Swadeshi sprit. His Speech on Indemnity bill in 1919 is said to have moved the European officials to tears.

Establishing Banaras Hindu University

Formation of Banaras Hindu University epitomized his ambition and aspirations, ideas and ideals, plans, policies and efforts and endeavors. Not only to confer degrees but to infuse national spirit, reorganize disintegrated Hindu society, and combine the traditional grukuls with those of modern universities and to revive the indigenous industries in order to rejuvenate the nation. He was its Vice Chancellor from 1919- 1938 and later it's Rector till last. Robust programmers in science, liberal arts, medicine, were among key domains uniting academic rigor with the spirit of moral grounding. Foundation stone of BHU as a private university first of its kind managed on donations was laid on 04.02.1916 a special place in British India history in which large gathering of Indian princes and rulers participated besides the then Viceroy Lord Herding, who laid the foundation stone and addressed the ceremony. Now the BHU Varanasi is a central university.

Vision and Goals of BHU

To create a blend of Eastern and Western Knowledge, integration of scientific advancement of Europe with ancient wisdom of Hindu traditions. Objectives of the university were 1. To preserve and promote Hindu scriptures and Sanskrit literature for the benefit of Hindus and world; 2. To advance learning and research in arts, and sciences to enhance technical scientific and professional knowledge the support indigenous industries and economic development 3. To emphasize character-building in youth through integration of religion and ethos in education. BharatRatana Dr. S Radhakrishnan, great scholar and philosopher and later Vice President and President of India was ViceChancellors of BHU after Mahamana Ji. Beggar Prince among act of begging. Donations and fund raising committee was set up to visit important towns and cities on India led by Malviya Ji. Kashi Naresh agreed to give land for the university on the left bank of River Ganga 1 kos long and half kos wide along with donation of 1 lakh rupees. Among the rulers who donated for BHU include Mir Osman Ali Khan Rs. One lakh, on 19.01.1939; ZamindarRaja Dhanrajgiri Rs. 60,000.00 Maharaja Krisharaja Wadiyar of Mysore total Rs. 3,20,000; Chithia Thirul Balaram Verma II of Keralaon 8.7.1931 Rs. 1,25,000 and perpetual grant of Rs 10000 pr annum from 1931-1935 and curtailed to Rs 5000 per annum from 1935- 36 Rs. 1 million or more from HH Ramesh war Singh of Dharangaon an appeal was made.. The temple of education BHU is the largest residential University in Asia and one of the largest in world having about 30,000 students across disciplines of Art, Sciences Engineering, Commerce, Agriculture, Veterinary and diary science spread over 1300 acres. University comprise 6 Institutions,14 Faculities,144 Departments and 4 Inter disciplinary centre a constituent college for Women and 3 constituent schools with 1700 teachers and nearly 8000 non-teaching staff. Students from 48 countries of USA, Europe, Asia Middle East Africa etc. Fully fledged Metallurgy discipline in BHU is rated best globally.

Prominent Alumni of BHU include

Swami Ramanad, Swami Telang, Mata anandmayee, Kabir Das, Go swami Tulsidas Ravidas, Premchand, Pt. Ravi Shankar, Bismillah Khan, Girja Devi, Rasoolan Baqi, Sitara Devi, Pt. Kala Prasad, Pt. Birju Mahara and famous Lyricists Sameer. Bharat Ratna Prof. C.N.R. Rao; PadamBhushan Prof U.R Rao, Padma Bhusan Prof. P. rama Rao, Padam Bhushan Dr. A. S. Rao and PadamShri Dr. Lalji Sing are eminent international Scientist from BHU. Freedom fighters from BHU include - Padma Vibhushan Jayanath Narlikar, padab bhushan Harivansh Rai Bachan, Bharat Bhushan Ratan Bhupen Hazarika, Babu Jagjivan Ram, Ram Manohar lohia, Mano Sinha, Harivanshh Narayan Singh, Krishna Kant, Raj Narayan, Janki Ballabh Patnaik and mony more.

 Personalities with whom Malviya Ji worked

Annie Besant (1847-1933); Kashi Naresh HH the Maharajadhiraj Prabhu Narayan Singh, Mr. B.N. Mahajini of Berar, HH Jagatguru Shankarachary of Govardan Math Puri; Anantashree Madhusudan Tirath (1898- 1925). After a period of 700 years, in 1930s, Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya planned to replicate

Shri Kashi Viswanathan Mandir

 After a period of 700 year in 1930s, pandit madan Mohan Mahaviya Planned to replicate shri kashi vaishwanth Mandir in the campus of Benaras Hindu University. The Birla family undertook the construction and foundation was laid in March 1931. The temple was finally completed in 1966.

Mahamana Malaviya Mission

 The mission was founded in 1979 by BHU Alumni at Dharma Bhawan Delhi where prominent members participated. Mission was formally inaugurated by Dr. Atamram a renowned scientist on December 25, 1979 at the constitution club. The mission is an autonomous charity organization for doing the noble work of keeping alive the memories of Mahamana ji and propagating his life ethics and life values since its formation 47 years ago through 31 branches spread across the country.

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Courtesy: Dr BL Puttoo  and Koshur Samachar- 2025, August